Date
In the Hebrew calendar Yom Kippur begins at nightfall starting a tenth day of the Hebrew year of Tishri (which falls within September/October), & continues until a next twilight. These are universally found as a of these day holiday, two within & outside a boundaries of the land of Israel, in counterpoint sustaining numbers of more holiyears, which are then found for ii days in the Diaspora.

Yom Kippur begins at sunset on a nighttime prior to the charted dates in the next few years: 2005: October 13 2006: October 2 2007: September 22 2008: October 9 2009: September 28 2010: September 18

Biblical origin
A rites for Yom Kippur come placed forth river in the sixteenth chapter of Leviticus (cf. Exodus 30:10; Leviticus 23:27-31, 25:9; Figures 29:7-11). These are described as a solemn convenient, in which there is no food or even swallow can be consumed, & in which are universally effective is forbidden. Sacrifices were offered in the Temple in Jerusalem.

Observances
General observances
Yom Kippur is a Jewish day of penance, considered to exist as the holiest & virtually all solemn day of the month. Its central theme is atonement & reconciliation. Feeding, swallowing, cleaning, cosmetics, wearying leather shoes, & connubial relations come prohibited (Mishnah tractate Yoma 8:1). Fasting - sum abstinence from either completely food & drink to your hearts content - typically begins the half an hour prior to sunset (known as "tosefet Yom Kippur", a "addition" of fasting a trifle of a former day is involved by Jewish law), & ceases fallowing evenfall a as a consequence day.

Contrary to popular belief, Yom Kippur is non the sad day. Sephardic Jews (Jews of Spanish, Portuguese and Northerly African descent) refer to this holiday when "the White Fast". Consequently, numbers of Jews own a custom of wearing single whiten habiliment on this day, to symbolize their "white" purity from either sin, akin to angels.

Observances among secular Jews
Yom Kippur is considered a virtually all holy of Jewish holidays & its observance is held potentially among a majority of lay Jews world health organization might not strictly watch more holidays. Several laic Jews may convenient & attend tabernacle in Yom Kippur & attendance in Yom Kippur may be double, triple or other. Around Israel, which occurs as stated Jewish state, the public non-observance (eating, camping a automotive vehicle) is taboo. Inside Israel, Yom Kippur has a nickname "Festival of Bicycles" refering to youngsters's practice of freely riding their cycle in a streets using the absence of automotive vehicle. Inside Israel in Yom Kippur there is no broadcast television, no public transport & a aerodrome come closed. No commerce of any variety in the Jewish areas.

The eve of Yom Kippur
There is a commandment to eat a big & merry meal prior to Yom Kippur starts fallowing the mincha prayer. Traditional nutrients consumed in the period of that meal include kreplach and rice. Numerous others likewise have a custom to eat a second meal prior to that, ingesting fish.

Prayer services
Men don the Tallit (four-cornered prayer garment) for evening prayers, the lone evening service of the season where this is done, & numerous married men as well have on the kittel, or whiten shroud. Prayer services begin with a prayer called "Kol Nidre", which must be recited prior to sunset, & follows sustaining a regular evening prayers (''ma'ariv or even arvith).

A morning prayer service is preceded by litanies & petitions of forgiveness known as selichot; in Yom Kippur, several selichot come woven into a liturgy. A morning prayers come followed by an added prayer (mussaf) when in entirely more holidays, followed by mincha (a afternoon prayer) & a added ne'ilah prayer specific for Yom Kippur. Yom Kippur comes to an prevent by using the recitation of Shema Yisrael and the blowing of the shofar, which marks the guide of the fasting.

A Torah is page through in a period of a morning & afternoon prayers (Leviticus 16 & 18, severally); the book of Jonah is read when a haftarah in the afternoon. Based on the nusach (version) of the prayers, the few communities pray day and night from either morning until fall, when a bit of include a short break. Each prayer includes a vidduy (confession); watch beneath for further data.

Atonement
Forgiveness and vidduy
Based on data from a Talmud, God opens three books on a number 1 day of the season; 1 for the thoroughly wicked, an additional for the thoroughly devout, & the third for the big medium class. A fate of a thoroughly wicked & a thoroughly god-fearing is determined on a spot; the destiny of the medium class is suspended until Yom Kippur, whenever the fate of everyone is sealed. A liturgical piece Unetanneh Tokef'' (attributed to Rabbi Amnon of Mainz) states:

According to Maimonides, "all depends in whether the human's merits outweigh a demerits put to his account", so it is therefore desirable to multiply good deeds before the final account on the Day of Atonement (Yad, Laws of Repentance 3:4). Those that are found worthy by God are said to be entered in the Book of Life, hence the prayer: "Enter the states in the Book of Life". Hence also the greeting "Might smart shoppers exist as sealed [in the Book of Life] for the happy month" ("Gemar Chatima Tovah"). In letters written between New-Year and the Day of Atonement, the writer usually concludes by wishing the recipient that God may seal his fate for happiness.

Penitent confession was a requisite for expiation through capital or corporal punishment. On Yom Kippur, every prayer (whether silent or communal) includes the vidduy, a standardised confession. It consists of the short vidduy and the long vidduy (the latter is omitted in the ''ne'ilah service). Both are arranged alphabetically, probably to aid the public in memorizing it.

Reconcilation with others
"a Day of Atonement absolves from either either sins against God, but not from sins against a fellow human unless the pardon of the pained individual exist as secured" (Mishnah tractate Yoma 8:9). Hence the custom of terminating on the eve of the fastday (or in the 10-day period between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur) all feuds and disputes. Even the souls of the dead are included in the community of those pardoned on the Day of Atonement. It is customary for children to have public mention made in the synagogue of their departed parents, and to make charitable gifts on behalf of their souls.

The Temple service
The sacrificial service of the Temple in Jerusalem features prominently in both the liturgy and the religious thought of the holiday. Specifically, the avodah ("service") in the mussaf prayer recounts the sacrificial ceremonies in great detail.

The most distinctive ceremony was the offering of the "envoy goats", or "scapegoats" (Leviticus 16:8-10), one of which was offered on the altar and another was sent into the desert to "Azazel"; the goats were identical, and the fate of each goat was decided by lots. Commentators differ as to the exact meaning of this offering; it is generally presumed that the goats are each symbols for people, modes of behavior or other subjects.

The kohen gadol'' (high priest) performed most of the service himself, including sin offerings for himself and his family, all the priests and finally the whole Jewish people. During the confessions made for each offering he pronounced the ineffable name, the only instance when this was permitted.